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                  <text>Presbyterians who favored the religious revivalism of George Whitefield organized a Second Presbyterian Church in Philadelphia in 1743. Second was a “New Side” church as opposed to the “Old Side” First Presbyterian Church. For many years, the congregation worshipped in its building at Third and Arch streets, where the first General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church in the U.S.A. met in 1789. In 1837, the church moved to Seventh and Arch, and in 1872, to 21st and Walnut. In 1949, the congregation united with First Presbyterian Church.&#13;
&#13;
Records scanned for this project include minutes, pew records, deeds, and burial records.</text>
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                <text>Act re-establishing the charter, 1780</text>
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                <text>During the American Revolution, the trustees of the Second Presbyterian Church found it difficult to gather the quorum required by their original charter in order to conduct church business. They also desired the freedom to hold property in a greater amount than allowed for in the original charter. This document reaffirms the charter of Second Presbyterian Church in the City of Philadelphia, while also allowing for a smaller quorum and increased investments.</text>
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                  <text>Congregation Mikveh Israel (officially Kahal Kadosh Mikveh Israel), known as the "Synagogue of the American Revolution" is one of the most historic Congregations of Jews in the United States. The oldest Congregation in Philadelphia, Mikveh Israel was informally established by religious minded Jews in British America during the 1740s, and has become the second-oldest surviving Congregation in all of the United States. In Pennsylvania, and Philadelphia in particular, Jews found an environment of tolerance for their religious beliefs and traditions made possible by William Penn's 'great experiment'. The possibilities of economic and religious liberties in Philadelphia drew many Jews to the area, and by 1775 a community 300 strong existed in a city of 35,000.&#13;
&#13;
During the war of Independence, 1775-1783, Jews from New York, Easton, Lancaster, Richmond, Charleston and Savannah sought refuge in Philadelphia from the British occupation.  Many members joined the ranks of the Patriots and fought for the revolutionary cause.&#13;
&#13;
In 1782, the Congregation dedicated a new building on Cherry Street that sat 200 persons and had accommodations for the clergy adjoining it. In 1829 the congregation built an Egyptian Revival synagogue on Cherry Street. Designed by William Strickland, it is notable for having been one of the earliest Egyptian Revival buildings in the United States.  After moving out of Center City, along with much of Philadelphia's population in the first half of the 20th century, the Congregation announced in 1961 that it would return to construct a new house of worship. A modest building, initially shared between the Synagogue and the Museum of Jewish History, was dedicated and opened in August 1976. &#13;
&#13;
Among items in the archives of Congregation Mikveh Israel are letters written by George Washington and Abraham Lincoln, and a public subscription list for the 1782 building signed by Benjamin Franklin, David Rittenhouse, and other civic leaders.   Several notable ritual items also exist, including ornamental bells (“rimmonim”) crafted by renown silversmith Myer Myers.&#13;
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                <text>Meeting minutes of the Board of Managers, or "adjunta" of Congregation Mikveh Israel, from 1824 to 1870. Each entry includes the date and usually the location of the meeting, names of members present, and business discussed. Business discussed includes (but is not limited to): regular elections of officers (parnas and adjunta, gabay, and secretary); assessment and collection of seat rents; the dedication of a new synagogue and ongoing repairs/improvements to the building; financial record keeping, including auditing accounts, debt collection, and payment of bills, rents and taxes; employment of officials such as the shamas (sexton), hazan (minister), and superintendent of the burial grounds; improvements to the burial grounds; and permissions for burials.

This volume has been partially digitized, up to 1870. Names of officers for each Hebrew calendar year covered are listed at the back of volume, and those pages are also included.</text>
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                  <text>Notable for its early leadership in Baptist organization and evangelism, the First Baptist Church of Philadelphia was prominent both in its region and city and in the transatlantic community of Baptists.  Begun in 1698 as a mission of the more suburban Pennepack (now, Lower Dublin) Baptist Church, First Baptist soon became the leading congregation for the city, region, and colonies, gaining independent status from Pennepack in 1746. &#13;
&#13;
In 1707 the church hosted the organizing meeting of the Philadelphia Baptist Association, the first lasting inter-regional organization of Baptists in America, and over the years provided a disproportionate share of this group’s officers.  From the beginning, the lives of this association and the First Baptist congregation were intertwined, with the church meeting house hosting meetings of the association and welcoming delegates, called messengers by the Baptists, from as far south as Charleston and as far north as Boston.  By the 1760s, the first decade for which minutes survive, the congregation had gained prominence beyond its modest size, including among the transatlantic Baptist network.  This prominence had to do with its leaders hosting and shaping the role of the Philadelphia Baptist Association, to which far-flung congregations wrote letters that began, “Dear Mother.” &#13;
&#13;
The life of the congregation and its leaders was also intertwined with that of its city, with several ministers taking teaching posts at the University of Pennsylvania, then the College and Academy of Philadelphia.  William Rogers, for example, came from New England to pastor the church but remained in that post for only three years, though active in the congregation and as a supply preacher until his death in 1824.  Like several other Baptist ministers, Rogers served as a military chaplain during the American Revolution, an event that made havoc of the congregation’s finances and leadership.  While these Baptists supported the American rebellion as a fight for necessary liberties, their former pastor Morgan Edwards criticized the rebels until 1775 when he was convinced to revise his opinion.   With his excellent preaching, historical research and publications on early Baptists, and support for formal education leading to the founding and support of Brown University, Edwards embodied the strengths of Baptists.  It was under Edwards’ leadership that First Baptist built a new and larger meeting house at the same time accepting the need to lend their pastor to the larger Baptist cause and arranging for supply preaching while Edwards traveled the colonies as an evangelist, church organizer, and historian of Baptists.  Despite these successful efforts toward gaining respect and leaders for Baptists, Edwards’ connection with the Philadelphia congregation grew strained during the 1780s, largely because Edwards struggled through bouts of drinking and subsequent church meetings for discipline, only being restored to the congregation’s fellowship in late 1788.&#13;
&#13;
When in 1814 Baptists from twelve states gathered to form a national organization in support of Baptist missions, the meeting was at the First Baptist meeting house in Philadelphia, with two of the four officials chosen being laymen from that congregation and a third, William Staughton, a former pastor.  Throughout the next century, the congregation grew in numbers and influence in the city and in national and global mission programs, despite conflicts related to theology, leadership, and relationships with daughter churches, including two competing First African Baptist congregations.  Its early interest in circulating religious pamphlets, as well as Philadelphia’s wealth of printers, made it feasible for American Baptists to locate their publishing operations in the city, where they remained until 1961, when operations moved to a new building and printing plant in Valley Forge.</text>
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                  <text>&lt;p style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Minutes Books of First Baptist Church of Philadelphia, A. D. Gillette, editor,&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em&gt;Minutes of the Philadelphia Baptist Association from A.D. 1707, to A.D. 1807&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;(Philadelphia: American Baptist Publication Society, 1851),  and William Williams Keen,&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em&gt;The Bi-Centennial Celebration of the Founding of the First Baptist Church of the City of Philadelphia&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;(Philadelphia: American Baptist Publication Society, 1899).&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>On August 11, 1760 the First Baptist Church appointed a committee to "to Settle the Church Affairs, and Examine the State of the Church Purchases, Gifts and Donations, Given to the Said Church, and get them well Secured where they are not, and to settle other Affairs that shall
Come before them." The minutes of this committee, recorded on both sides of four loose sheets, include the dates of meetings, members present, and committee work discussed, including registering deeds, paying leases, collecting interest on accounts, and consolidating records.</text>
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                  <text>In 1742, the Moravian Church began holding services in Philadelphia under the leadership of Nikolaus Ludwig von Zinzendorf. On New Year’s Day in 1743, 34 members organized as a Moravian congregation in a new church building in Old City, at the corner of Race and Bread Streets. In 1820, the original church building was enlarged and remodeled. In 1856, a second church building was dedicated by the congregation, on Franklin and Wood Streets. A third and final church building was dedicated in 1893 on Fairmount Avenue, between 16th and 17th Streets, where it remained until the congregation’s official closing in 1965. Today, Redeemer Moravian Church continues the Moravian tradition in Southwest Philadelphia. Select archival records from this massive collection (54 boxes) of First Moravian Church were scanned as part of this project and include diaries, minutes, membership lists, church registers, and drawings.</text>
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                <text>A journal of happenings in the "English congregation" from its establishment on January 1, 1743, running up to June 15, 1745. Topics covered include births and baptisms, sermons preached and hymns sung, "love feasts," meetings and conferences, members' travel (including extensive travel between Philadelphia and Bethlehem), missionary work with Native Americans, and correspondence with Moravians in other parts of Pennsylvania and abroad, as far as London and Germany.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="315919">
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                  <text>Notable for its early leadership in Baptist organization and evangelism, the First Baptist Church of Philadelphia was prominent both in its region and city and in the transatlantic community of Baptists.  Begun in 1698 as a mission of the more suburban Pennepack (now, Lower Dublin) Baptist Church, First Baptist soon became the leading congregation for the city, region, and colonies, gaining independent status from Pennepack in 1746. &#13;
&#13;
In 1707 the church hosted the organizing meeting of the Philadelphia Baptist Association, the first lasting inter-regional organization of Baptists in America, and over the years provided a disproportionate share of this group’s officers.  From the beginning, the lives of this association and the First Baptist congregation were intertwined, with the church meeting house hosting meetings of the association and welcoming delegates, called messengers by the Baptists, from as far south as Charleston and as far north as Boston.  By the 1760s, the first decade for which minutes survive, the congregation had gained prominence beyond its modest size, including among the transatlantic Baptist network.  This prominence had to do with its leaders hosting and shaping the role of the Philadelphia Baptist Association, to which far-flung congregations wrote letters that began, “Dear Mother.” &#13;
&#13;
The life of the congregation and its leaders was also intertwined with that of its city, with several ministers taking teaching posts at the University of Pennsylvania, then the College and Academy of Philadelphia.  William Rogers, for example, came from New England to pastor the church but remained in that post for only three years, though active in the congregation and as a supply preacher until his death in 1824.  Like several other Baptist ministers, Rogers served as a military chaplain during the American Revolution, an event that made havoc of the congregation’s finances and leadership.  While these Baptists supported the American rebellion as a fight for necessary liberties, their former pastor Morgan Edwards criticized the rebels until 1775 when he was convinced to revise his opinion.   With his excellent preaching, historical research and publications on early Baptists, and support for formal education leading to the founding and support of Brown University, Edwards embodied the strengths of Baptists.  It was under Edwards’ leadership that First Baptist built a new and larger meeting house at the same time accepting the need to lend their pastor to the larger Baptist cause and arranging for supply preaching while Edwards traveled the colonies as an evangelist, church organizer, and historian of Baptists.  Despite these successful efforts toward gaining respect and leaders for Baptists, Edwards’ connection with the Philadelphia congregation grew strained during the 1780s, largely because Edwards struggled through bouts of drinking and subsequent church meetings for discipline, only being restored to the congregation’s fellowship in late 1788.&#13;
&#13;
When in 1814 Baptists from twelve states gathered to form a national organization in support of Baptist missions, the meeting was at the First Baptist meeting house in Philadelphia, with two of the four officials chosen being laymen from that congregation and a third, William Staughton, a former pastor.  Throughout the next century, the congregation grew in numbers and influence in the city and in national and global mission programs, despite conflicts related to theology, leadership, and relationships with daughter churches, including two competing First African Baptist congregations.  Its early interest in circulating religious pamphlets, as well as Philadelphia’s wealth of printers, made it feasible for American Baptists to locate their publishing operations in the city, where they remained until 1961, when operations moved to a new building and printing plant in Valley Forge.</text>
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                  <text>&lt;p style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Minutes Books of First Baptist Church of Philadelphia, A. D. Gillette, editor,&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em&gt;Minutes of the Philadelphia Baptist Association from A.D. 1707, to A.D. 1807&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;(Philadelphia: American Baptist Publication Society, 1851),  and William Williams Keen,&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em&gt;The Bi-Centennial Celebration of the Founding of the First Baptist Church of the City of Philadelphia&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;(Philadelphia: American Baptist Publication Society, 1899).&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                  <text>Notable for its early leadership in Baptist organization and evangelism, the First Baptist Church of Philadelphia was prominent both in its region and city and in the transatlantic community of Baptists.  Begun in 1698 as a mission of the more suburban Pennepack (now, Lower Dublin) Baptist Church, First Baptist soon became the leading congregation for the city, region, and colonies, gaining independent status from Pennepack in 1746. &#13;
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&#13;
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                  <text>Notable for its early leadership in Baptist organization and evangelism, the First Baptist Church of Philadelphia was prominent both in its region and city and in the transatlantic community of Baptists.  Begun in 1698 as a mission of the more suburban Pennepack (now, Lower Dublin) Baptist Church, First Baptist soon became the leading congregation for the city, region, and colonies, gaining independent status from Pennepack in 1746. &#13;
&#13;
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&#13;
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&#13;
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&#13;
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&#13;
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&#13;
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&#13;
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&#13;
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&#13;
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&#13;
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Entries note the date and place of meetings, members present, and business discussed. Topics include but are not limited to: the purchase of new grounds and building of a new meeting house; the assignment of pews and pew rents and later a rise in pew rents to help the church out of debt; fees for baptisms and terms for burials; the choice of a new minister; discipline of members for ill behavior; and application for a charter.</text>
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&#13;
Records scanned for this project include minutes, pew records, deeds, and burial records.</text>
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&#13;
The records consist of vestry minutes, parish records, accounting and financial records, deeds, architectural drawings, photographs, and audiovisual materials. In addition, there are materials from parish organizations and affiliated institutions such as Christ Church Hospital, Episcopal School, Christ Church Burial Ground, and Christ Church Preservation Trust.</text>
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&#13;
Records scanned for this project include congregation minutes, pew records, and lists of burials.</text>
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                  <text>In 1760 a group of congregants from Christ Church, supporters of the Rev.  William Macclanachan, an Anglican minister of evangelical leanings, formed a new church, seceded from Christ Church.  They drafted articles of agreement for a new church St. Paul’s and promptly set about raising funds to construct it.  Built on Third Street, below Walnut, St. Paul’s opened for services in 1762 and remained an active congregation throughout the nineteenth century. The Church’s building still stands, now home to Episcopal Community Services.  St. Paul’s records, housed at the Episcopal Diocesan Archives include vestry minutes, baptismal, marriage and burial records  as well as some financial records.</text>
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                <text>John Wood Jr. (ca. 1736-1793) was a clock and watch maker in early Philadelphia, and served as a warden of St. Paul's for 24 years. The majority of this book consists of financial records from Wood's business, however towards the end of the book he also recorded accounting information from St. Paul's, including collections and disbursements.</text>
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                <text>Episcopal Diocese of Pennsylvania Archives</text>
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                  <text>In 1742, the Moravian Church began holding services in Philadelphia under the leadership of Nikolaus Ludwig von Zinzendorf. On New Year’s Day in 1743, 34 members organized as a Moravian congregation in a new church building in Old City, at the corner of Race and Bread Streets. In 1820, the original church building was enlarged and remodeled. In 1856, a second church building was dedicated by the congregation, on Franklin and Wood Streets. A third and final church building was dedicated in 1893 on Fairmount Avenue, between 16th and 17th Streets, where it remained until the congregation’s official closing in 1965. Today, Redeemer Moravian Church continues the Moravian tradition in Southwest Philadelphia. Select archival records from this massive collection (54 boxes) of First Moravian Church were scanned as part of this project and include diaries, minutes, membership lists, church registers, and drawings.</text>
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                <text>Minutes of the English Conference, 1743-1747</text>
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                <text>This committee included the elders of the English-speaking Moravians in Philadelphia. Minutes run from September 27, 1743 to July 3, 1747, and cover a variety of topics. Disputes between the German and English members of the Philadelphia congregation were common in the early period, so management of those conflicts - as well as conflicts among the English speaking congregants, including marital disputes - is a recurrent subject. Other topics include, but are not limited to: collections to pay for church supplies, ground rent, and preachers' salaries; relations with the Quakers; visitation of the sick and care of vulnerable members; reception of new members; baptisms and love feasts; upkeep of the church building and grounds; members' travel; the desire for a school church; and a conference to bring together English and German-speaking laborers in the congregation.</text>
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&#13;
To avoid being embroiled in national politics and endangering its future, the church was closed immediately after the signing of the Declaration of Independence. It served as a Hessian barracks and Continental hospital during the war, and worship resumed at the war's conclusion.  It's vestry included David Brearley, who in 1787, as Chief Justice of NJ, served as Chairman of the "Committee on Postponed Parts" in the Constitutional Convention, playing a substantial role in shaping the final document while brokering the decisions that contributed to our current form of government.  In 1801, St. Michael's was used as the location for the Convention of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States, at which time the current Articles of Religion were ratified. There, at the Annual Convention in 1815 the NJ Diocese was founded and its first bishop elected. Throughout the middle and late 19th century, St. Michael's founded mission schools and churches in and around Trenton. A detailed history of the church was written in the 1920's by Hamilton Schuyler, and is available online.  The documents in the collection were used to write that history and thus far include the parish proceedings from 1750 through the 1850's, the engineering specifications for the 1819 renovations, the church charter, along with birth, marriage, and death records from the period.  An interesting drawing of the layout of pews, which seems to be in David Brearley's handwriting, appears in the parish books. The documents also contain one of our original Books of Common Prayer from the 1740's, with marked-up changes, post-Revolution. &#13;
&#13;
The parish of the English Church was founded in 1703 on farmlands outside of town. The founder of Trenton, William Trent, arrived from Philadelphia in 1719, joining  St. Michael's parish, and the sanctuary in town was completed in 1751. To avoid being embroiled in national politics and endangering its future, the church was closed immediately after the signing of the Declaration of Independence. It served as a Hessian barracks and Continental hospital during the war. It's vestry included David Brearley, who in 1787, as Chief Justice of NJ, served as Chairman of the "Committee on Postponed Parts" in the Constitutional Convention. In 1801 the Convention of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States was held there and the current Articles of Religion were ratified. </text>
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                <text>Minutes of the meetings of the trustees of Old St. Mary's from 1788 to 1811.

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The meeting minutes begin on image 26, and each entry includes a list of attendees and a description of the topics covered. Topics include but are not limited to: election, appointment, and payment of church staff; management of the church finances, buildings, school and burial ground; pew rentals; and reports from committees.

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                  <text>Holy Trinity parish was formed in 1788 at the initiative of German-speaking Catholics who wanted a separate place for worship. Once established, it was the first ethnic parish in the United States. The movement for a separate congregation began when the Germans bought a purchased their own burial ground in 1768. They would also begin keeping separate registers in 1784. The German Catholic Society was organized in 1787 to acquire land for a church as well as for the maintaining of a school. Construction started on the church in in 1788 and the first Mass was held in 1789. The exterior of the church has remained largely unchanged, while the interior was twice destroyed by fire, the first in 1860 and again in 1890. &#13;
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                  <text>Old St. Mary’s is the second oldest Roman Catholic Church in Philadelphia. Located at 248 S. Fourth Street, it was built in 1763 as a Sunday Church to be used by the parishioners of Old St. Joseph Church. In 1788, the Board of Trustees was incorporated to manage the temporal affairs of the church. After Philadelphia was made a diocese in 1808, Bishop Michael Egan selected Old St. Mary Church as the first Cathedral. Problems would arise between the trustees and the bishops over the appointment of priests. This would eventually lead to the Hogan schism and appeals to the Pope for intervention. After over 20 years of conflict, the third Bishop of Philadelphia, Francis Kenrick temporarily closed in the church 1831 and would later move the Cathedral to St. John the Evangelist in 1838.&#13;
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The early congregation of 222 families was mostly Irish but with 30 German and 15 French. Some of the more distinguished early members were George Meade, great-grandfather to Civil War General George Gordon Meade, the victor at Gettysburg; Revolutionary War naval hero Commodore John Barry; Thomas Fitzsimmons, a signer of the Constitution; and Matthew Carey, a leading publisher in the Federalist era.&#13;
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Both George Washington and John Adams attended Vespers there in October of 1774 and it was the site of the first public religious commemoration of the Declaration of Independence.</text>
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                  <text>A 1703 land grant from Governor Inglesby of the Jerseys opens St. Michael's document collection. It gives four English farmers land to build a church on the hills north of the Delaware falls which they shared with Scot farmers. The latter soon built themselves what was to become First Presbyterian Church (now of Ewing). In the early years, Anglicans and Presbyterians frequently shared worship and church governance, as neither had a full-time minister. St.Mary's (Anglican) church in Burlington had a full sanctuary building since 1703 and was the 'mother church' for the region, often supplying the Trenton area its minister. The founder of Trenton, William Trent, arrived from Philadelphia in 1719, joining the what was to become St. Michael's parish, and by the 1740's land in Trenton proper was given to the congregation by General John Coxe, son of a prominent parishioner from St. Mary's, Daniel Coxe, who was the first Grand Master of the Scottish Rite of Masons on the continent.  St. Michael's original Trenton sanctuary was completed in 1751, then enlarged in 1801, 1819, and the 1850's to its present footprint. &#13;
&#13;
To avoid being embroiled in national politics and endangering its future, the church was closed immediately after the signing of the Declaration of Independence. It served as a Hessian barracks and Continental hospital during the war, and worship resumed at the war's conclusion.  It's vestry included David Brearley, who in 1787, as Chief Justice of NJ, served as Chairman of the "Committee on Postponed Parts" in the Constitutional Convention, playing a substantial role in shaping the final document while brokering the decisions that contributed to our current form of government.  In 1801, St. Michael's was used as the location for the Convention of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States, at which time the current Articles of Religion were ratified. There, at the Annual Convention in 1815 the NJ Diocese was founded and its first bishop elected. Throughout the middle and late 19th century, St. Michael's founded mission schools and churches in and around Trenton. A detailed history of the church was written in the 1920's by Hamilton Schuyler, and is available online.  The documents in the collection were used to write that history and thus far include the parish proceedings from 1750 through the 1850's, the engineering specifications for the 1819 renovations, the church charter, along with birth, marriage, and death records from the period.  An interesting drawing of the layout of pews, which seems to be in David Brearley's handwriting, appears in the parish books. The documents also contain one of our original Books of Common Prayer from the 1740's, with marked-up changes, post-Revolution. &#13;
&#13;
The parish of the English Church was founded in 1703 on farmlands outside of town. The founder of Trenton, William Trent, arrived from Philadelphia in 1719, joining  St. Michael's parish, and the sanctuary in town was completed in 1751. To avoid being embroiled in national politics and endangering its future, the church was closed immediately after the signing of the Declaration of Independence. It served as a Hessian barracks and Continental hospital during the war. It's vestry included David Brearley, who in 1787, as Chief Justice of NJ, served as Chairman of the "Committee on Postponed Parts" in the Constitutional Convention. In 1801 the Convention of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States was held there and the current Articles of Religion were ratified. </text>
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Note: a copy of the "act to incorporate the Protestant Episcopal Church of St. Michael's in the city of Trenton" dated January 28, 1818 opens the manuscript.</text>
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                <text>http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</text>
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                <text>St. Michael's Episcopal Church, Trenton, NJ</text>
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                  <text>Old St. Mary’s is the second oldest Roman Catholic Church in Philadelphia. Located at 248 S. Fourth Street, it was built in 1763 as a Sunday Church to be used by the parishioners of Old St. Joseph Church. In 1788, the Board of Trustees was incorporated to manage the temporal affairs of the church. After Philadelphia was made a diocese in 1808, Bishop Michael Egan selected Old St. Mary Church as the first Cathedral. Problems would arise between the trustees and the bishops over the appointment of priests. This would eventually lead to the Hogan schism and appeals to the Pope for intervention. After over 20 years of conflict, the third Bishop of Philadelphia, Francis Kenrick temporarily closed in the church 1831 and would later move the Cathedral to St. John the Evangelist in 1838.&#13;
&#13;
The early congregation of 222 families was mostly Irish but with 30 German and 15 French. Some of the more distinguished early members were George Meade, great-grandfather to Civil War General George Gordon Meade, the victor at Gettysburg; Revolutionary War naval hero Commodore John Barry; Thomas Fitzsimmons, a signer of the Constitution; and Matthew Carey, a leading publisher in the Federalist era.&#13;
&#13;
Both George Washington and John Adams attended Vespers there in October of 1774 and it was the site of the first public religious commemoration of the Declaration of Independence.</text>
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                <text>Holy Trinity Catholic Church (Philadelphia, Pa.)</text>
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                <text>Church management</text>
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                <text>Pews and pew rights</text>
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                  <text>A 1703 land grant from Governor Inglesby of the Jerseys opens St. Michael's document collection. It gives four English farmers land to build a church on the hills north of the Delaware falls which they shared with Scot farmers. The latter soon built themselves what was to become First Presbyterian Church (now of Ewing). In the early years, Anglicans and Presbyterians frequently shared worship and church governance, as neither had a full-time minister. St.Mary's (Anglican) church in Burlington had a full sanctuary building since 1703 and was the 'mother church' for the region, often supplying the Trenton area its minister. The founder of Trenton, William Trent, arrived from Philadelphia in 1719, joining the what was to become St. Michael's parish, and by the 1740's land in Trenton proper was given to the congregation by General John Coxe, son of a prominent parishioner from St. Mary's, Daniel Coxe, who was the first Grand Master of the Scottish Rite of Masons on the continent.  St. Michael's original Trenton sanctuary was completed in 1751, then enlarged in 1801, 1819, and the 1850's to its present footprint. &#13;
&#13;
To avoid being embroiled in national politics and endangering its future, the church was closed immediately after the signing of the Declaration of Independence. It served as a Hessian barracks and Continental hospital during the war, and worship resumed at the war's conclusion.  It's vestry included David Brearley, who in 1787, as Chief Justice of NJ, served as Chairman of the "Committee on Postponed Parts" in the Constitutional Convention, playing a substantial role in shaping the final document while brokering the decisions that contributed to our current form of government.  In 1801, St. Michael's was used as the location for the Convention of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States, at which time the current Articles of Religion were ratified. There, at the Annual Convention in 1815 the NJ Diocese was founded and its first bishop elected. Throughout the middle and late 19th century, St. Michael's founded mission schools and churches in and around Trenton. A detailed history of the church was written in the 1920's by Hamilton Schuyler, and is available online.  The documents in the collection were used to write that history and thus far include the parish proceedings from 1750 through the 1850's, the engineering specifications for the 1819 renovations, the church charter, along with birth, marriage, and death records from the period.  An interesting drawing of the layout of pews, which seems to be in David Brearley's handwriting, appears in the parish books. The documents also contain one of our original Books of Common Prayer from the 1740's, with marked-up changes, post-Revolution. &#13;
&#13;
The parish of the English Church was founded in 1703 on farmlands outside of town. The founder of Trenton, William Trent, arrived from Philadelphia in 1719, joining  St. Michael's parish, and the sanctuary in town was completed in 1751. To avoid being embroiled in national politics and endangering its future, the church was closed immediately after the signing of the Declaration of Independence. It served as a Hessian barracks and Continental hospital during the war. It's vestry included David Brearley, who in 1787, as Chief Justice of NJ, served as Chairman of the "Committee on Postponed Parts" in the Constitutional Convention. In 1801 the Convention of the Protestant Episcopal Church in the United States was held there and the current Articles of Religion were ratified. </text>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Minutes, 1857-1881</text>
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            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                <text>StMichaelsTrenton.Minutes1857-1881</text>
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                <text>Meeting minutes of the wardens and vestrymen of St. Michael's, dating from 1857 to 1881. Each entry includes the date and place of the meeting, names of attendees, and a summary of the business discussed. Business includes but is not limited to: Elections and appointments; maintenance of the church and Sunday school buildings; reports from church committees; sundry topics such as the purchase of music for the church choir and the need for a new organ; and church finance, including pew rents, collections, and subscriptions.</text>
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                <text>St. Michael's Church (Trenton, N.J.)</text>
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            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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                <text>http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</text>
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                <text>St. Michael's Episcopal Church, Trenton, NJ</text>
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                  <text>Monthly Meeting of Friends of Philadelphia</text>
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                  <text>A monthly meeting at Philadelphia was established along with Philadelphia Quarterly Meeting in 10mo 1682/3. Quakers first met in homes, but the first Bank Meeting House – the “meeting on the Delaware side” – was built late in 1683 or early in 1684, located on the west side of Front Street, north of Mulberry (Arch). A second meeting house was erected in Centre Square by 1687, but this was infrequently used due to its distance from the rapidly developing area along the Delaware. Construction began on the Great Meeting House on the southwest corner of 2nd and Market in 1696. In 1772, this meeting was divided, resulting in two additional monthly meetings in Philadelphia: Philadelphia Monthly Meeting for the Northern District and Philadelphia Monthly Meeting for the Southern District. The original meeting was then sometimes referred to as the "Middle District."</text>
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            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                <text>HC.PhM.P455.04.018 (1250/S3.2), HC.PhM.P455.04.019 (1250/JH1.8)—HC.PhM.P455.04.027 (1250/JH1.8), HC.PhM.P455.04.028 (1250/JH1.9)</text>
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                <text>Miscellaneous papers might include reports, financial documents, epistles, and other items which were usually only briefly referenced in the minutes of the business meeting.</text>
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            <description>The size or duration of the resource.</description>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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          </element>
          <element elementId="64">
            <name>Medium</name>
            <description>The material or physical carrier of the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318271">
                <text>Records (Documents)</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318272">
                <text>Manuscripts</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="42">
            <name>Format</name>
            <description>The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318273">
                <text>jp2</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318274">
                <text>http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="318275">
                <text>eng</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="51">
            <name>Type</name>
            <description>The nature or genre of the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318276">
                <text>Text</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="72">
            <name>Is Part Of</name>
            <description>A related resource in which the described resource is physically or logically included.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318277">
                <text>Meeting for Sufferings of Philadelphia Yearly Meeting</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="91">
            <name>Rights Holder</name>
            <description>A person or organization owning or managing rights over the resource.</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318278">
                <text>Haverford College Quaker and Special Collections</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="39">
            <name>Creator</name>
            <description>An entity primarily responsible for making the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
              <elementText elementTextId="318279">
                <text>Philadelphia Yearly Meeting of the Religious Society of Friends. Meeting for Sufferings</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
          <element elementId="49">
            <name>Subject</name>
            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="318280">
                <text>Philadelphia Yearly Meeting of the Religious Society of Friends. Meeting for Sufferings</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318281">
                <text>Society of Friends--Pennsylvania--Philadelphia</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318282">
                <text>Quakers--Pennsylvania--Philadelphia</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318283">
                <text>Philadelphia (Pa.)--Genealogy</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318284">
                <text>Church management</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318285">
                <text>Persecution</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318286">
                <text>Religious literature</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318287">
                <text>Corporate minutes</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318288">
                <text>African Americans</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318289">
                <text>Antislavery movements</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318290">
                <text>Church committees</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318291">
                <text>Church finance</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="318292">
                <text>Correspondence</text>
              </elementText>
            </elementTextContainer>
          </element>
        </elementContainer>
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    </elementSetContainer>
  </item>
</itemContainer>
