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                  <text>First Baptist Church, Philadelphia, PA</text>
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                  <text>Notable for its early leadership in Baptist organization and evangelism, the First Baptist Church of Philadelphia was prominent both in its region and city and in the transatlantic community of Baptists.  Begun in 1698 as a mission of the more suburban Pennepack (now, Lower Dublin) Baptist Church, First Baptist soon became the leading congregation for the city, region, and colonies, gaining independent status from Pennepack in 1746. &#13;
&#13;
In 1707 the church hosted the organizing meeting of the Philadelphia Baptist Association, the first lasting inter-regional organization of Baptists in America, and over the years provided a disproportionate share of this group’s officers.  From the beginning, the lives of this association and the First Baptist congregation were intertwined, with the church meeting house hosting meetings of the association and welcoming delegates, called messengers by the Baptists, from as far south as Charleston and as far north as Boston.  By the 1760s, the first decade for which minutes survive, the congregation had gained prominence beyond its modest size, including among the transatlantic Baptist network.  This prominence had to do with its leaders hosting and shaping the role of the Philadelphia Baptist Association, to which far-flung congregations wrote letters that began, “Dear Mother.” &#13;
&#13;
The life of the congregation and its leaders was also intertwined with that of its city, with several ministers taking teaching posts at the University of Pennsylvania, then the College and Academy of Philadelphia.  William Rogers, for example, came from New England to pastor the church but remained in that post for only three years, though active in the congregation and as a supply preacher until his death in 1824.  Like several other Baptist ministers, Rogers served as a military chaplain during the American Revolution, an event that made havoc of the congregation’s finances and leadership.  While these Baptists supported the American rebellion as a fight for necessary liberties, their former pastor Morgan Edwards criticized the rebels until 1775 when he was convinced to revise his opinion.   With his excellent preaching, historical research and publications on early Baptists, and support for formal education leading to the founding and support of Brown University, Edwards embodied the strengths of Baptists.  It was under Edwards’ leadership that First Baptist built a new and larger meeting house at the same time accepting the need to lend their pastor to the larger Baptist cause and arranging for supply preaching while Edwards traveled the colonies as an evangelist, church organizer, and historian of Baptists.  Despite these successful efforts toward gaining respect and leaders for Baptists, Edwards’ connection with the Philadelphia congregation grew strained during the 1780s, largely because Edwards struggled through bouts of drinking and subsequent church meetings for discipline, only being restored to the congregation’s fellowship in late 1788.&#13;
&#13;
When in 1814 Baptists from twelve states gathered to form a national organization in support of Baptist missions, the meeting was at the First Baptist meeting house in Philadelphia, with two of the four officials chosen being laymen from that congregation and a third, William Staughton, a former pastor.  Throughout the next century, the congregation grew in numbers and influence in the city and in national and global mission programs, despite conflicts related to theology, leadership, and relationships with daughter churches, including two competing First African Baptist congregations.  Its early interest in circulating religious pamphlets, as well as Philadelphia’s wealth of printers, made it feasible for American Baptists to locate their publishing operations in the city, where they remained until 1961, when operations moved to a new building and printing plant in Valley Forge.</text>
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                  <text>&lt;p style="font-weight:400;"&gt;Minutes Books of First Baptist Church of Philadelphia, A. D. Gillette, editor,&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em&gt;Minutes of the Philadelphia Baptist Association from A.D. 1707, to A.D. 1807&lt;/em&gt;&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;(Philadelphia: American Baptist Publication Society, 1851),  and William Williams Keen,&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;em&gt;The Bi-Centennial Celebration of the Founding of the First Baptist Church of the City of Philadelphia&lt;span&gt; &lt;/span&gt;&lt;/em&gt;(Philadelphia: American Baptist Publication Society, 1899).&lt;/p&gt;</text>
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                <text>Congregational minutes, 1757-1769</text>
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                <text>Congregational minute book begun in 1760, which begins with notes about meetings that occurred during the previous three years, before organized record-keeping was established, and runs to 1769. Entries include dates of meetings, members present, and business conducted. Topics include but are not limited to: disputes between church members, appointments to positions such as deacon and sexton, invitations to visiting preachers, financial gifts to the church and gifts from the church to the poor, which included firewood, coffins, and the forgiveness of burial fees in addition to financial donations, letters of dismission, applications for baptism, excommunications and restorations to membership, construction and maintenance of buildings and grounds, church purchases such as a new chalice, and the settlement of accounts with both debtors and creditors.

There is an alphabetical index of church members' names at the back of the book.</text>
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                <text>First Baptist Church, Philadelphia, PA</text>
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                <text>American Baptist Historical Society</text>
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                <text>First Baptist Church (Philadelphia, Pa.)</text>
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                <text>First Baptist Church (Philadelphia, Pa.)</text>
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                  <text>In the 17th century Swedish settlers landed on the banks of the Delaware River establishing churches in Wilmington,  Tinicum and by the mid-17th century in Wicaco outside of what would become Philadelphia. That latter church, Gloria Dei, is Pennsylvania’s oldest congregation.  The existing church was built between 1698 and 1700 and originally served  a Swedish Lutheran  congregation.  The church today is part of the Episcopal Diocese and a national historic site.   Archival records scanned as part of this project include vestry minutes, registers, financial, correspondence between the original Swedish parishes and the churches in Philadelphia, Delaware and New Jersey as well as their "miscellaneous records." </text>
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                <text>Record of persons buried by Gloria Dei from 1750 to 1878. Entries are listed chronologically and vary over time, but include at minimum the name of the deceased and the date they were buried, and often more extensive information such as the date and place they died, age at time of death, cause of death, whether they were a church member, names of family members, cost of burial, and, during the time multiple cemeteries were in use, the name of the cemetery where they were buried.</text>
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Marriages are listed first, ordered chronologically and include the name of the bride and groom, method of marriage (license or publishing), and date. An alphabetical index of names appears after page 140.

The Baptisms are listed second, ordered chronologically, and include the name of child being baptized, their place and date of birth, parents' names and godparents' names. An alphabetical index of names appears after page 244.

Burials are listed last, ordered chronologically, and include at minimum the name of the deceased and date of their burial, and often more information such as place of death and age at time of death. Alphabetical indexes of names appear at intervals throughout the burial listings.</text>
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Records scanned for this project include minutes, pew records, deeds, and burial records.</text>
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Entries note the date and place of meetings, members present, and business discussed. Topics include but are not limited to: the purchase of new grounds and building of a new meeting house; the assignment of pews and pew rents and later a rise in pew rents to help the church out of debt; fees for baptisms and terms for burials; the choice of a new minister; discipline of members for ill behavior; and application for a charter.</text>
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                  <text>In 1742, the Moravian Church began holding services in Philadelphia under the leadership of Nikolaus Ludwig von Zinzendorf. On New Year’s Day in 1743, 34 members organized as a Moravian congregation in a new church building in Old City, at the corner of Race and Bread Streets. In 1820, the original church building was enlarged and remodeled. In 1856, a second church building was dedicated by the congregation, on Franklin and Wood Streets. A third and final church building was dedicated in 1893 on Fairmount Avenue, between 16th and 17th Streets, where it remained until the congregation’s official closing in 1965. Today, Redeemer Moravian Church continues the Moravian tradition in Southwest Philadelphia. Select archival records from this massive collection (54 boxes) of First Moravian Church were scanned as part of this project and include diaries, minutes, membership lists, church registers, and drawings.</text>
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                  <text>Presbyterians began gathering for worship in Philadelphia in 1692, sharing a building known as the "Barbadoes Warehouse" at Second and Chestnut streets with Baptists and Congregationalists. In 1698, the congregation officially organized as the First Presbyterian Church of Philadelphia. Six years later, the congregation moved to High Street (now Market Street) at the corner of Bank Street, and built the first Presbyterian church building in the city, known as "Old Buttonwood." Both the first American presbytery and the first synod met in this church building. In 1820, the church moved to a new building on the south side of Washington Square where it remained until the late 1920s, when it moved to 15th and Locust streets. In 1949, First and Second Presbyterian Churches united as First with the congregation moving into the Second Presbyterian Church building at 21st and Walnut streets, where the congregation continues today.&#13;
&#13;
Records scanned for this project include congregation minutes, pew records, and lists of burials.</text>
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                <text>Meeting minutes begin with the names of members elected for the Committee in May of 1747, and go on to document the dates of meetings, members present, and business conducted. Topics covered include financial matters such as account balances, collections, payments to those employed by the church, and pew rents; charity, including a very active widows' fund; and repairs and upgrades such as new roof shingles and a new velvet cover for the pulpit. The minutes also contain discussion of the need for a second church building to accommodate a growing congregation, and the eventual split with Third Presbyterian ("the Pine Street church.")</text>
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                  <text>In 1742, the Moravian Church began holding services in Philadelphia under the leadership of Nikolaus Ludwig von Zinzendorf. On New Year’s Day in 1743, 34 members organized as a Moravian congregation in a new church building in Old City, at the corner of Race and Bread Streets. In 1820, the original church building was enlarged and remodeled. In 1856, a second church building was dedicated by the congregation, on Franklin and Wood Streets. A third and final church building was dedicated in 1893 on Fairmount Avenue, between 16th and 17th Streets, where it remained until the congregation’s official closing in 1965. Today, Redeemer Moravian Church continues the Moravian tradition in Southwest Philadelphia. Select archival records from this massive collection (54 boxes) of First Moravian Church were scanned as part of this project and include diaries, minutes, membership lists, church registers, and drawings.</text>
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                <text>Congregational diary of First Moravian Church of Philadelphia, 1747-1748</text>
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                <text>Although the cover suggests this diary covers a date span of 1747 to 1751, entries actually run from January 1, 1747 to December 31, 1748. Topics covered include: sermons preached; visits to church members, especially those who were ailing; baptisms and burials; meetings, conferences and love feasts; members' travels and correspondence; relations with local Quakers; and admission of new members. Records of sermons and meetings often include notes about the language spoken - English, German, or both.</text>
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              <name>Identifier</name>
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                  <text>First Baptist Church, Philadelphia, PA</text>
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                  <text>Notable for its early leadership in Baptist organization and evangelism, the First Baptist Church of Philadelphia was prominent both in its region and city and in the transatlantic community of Baptists.  Begun in 1698 as a mission of the more suburban Pennepack (now, Lower Dublin) Baptist Church, First Baptist soon became the leading congregation for the city, region, and colonies, gaining independent status from Pennepack in 1746. &#13;
&#13;
In 1707 the church hosted the organizing meeting of the Philadelphia Baptist Association, the first lasting inter-regional organization of Baptists in America, and over the years provided a disproportionate share of this group’s officers.  From the beginning, the lives of this association and the First Baptist congregation were intertwined, with the church meeting house hosting meetings of the association and welcoming delegates, called messengers by the Baptists, from as far south as Charleston and as far north as Boston.  By the 1760s, the first decade for which minutes survive, the congregation had gained prominence beyond its modest size, including among the transatlantic Baptist network.  This prominence had to do with its leaders hosting and shaping the role of the Philadelphia Baptist Association, to which far-flung congregations wrote letters that began, “Dear Mother.” &#13;
&#13;
The life of the congregation and its leaders was also intertwined with that of its city, with several ministers taking teaching posts at the University of Pennsylvania, then the College and Academy of Philadelphia.  William Rogers, for example, came from New England to pastor the church but remained in that post for only three years, though active in the congregation and as a supply preacher until his death in 1824.  Like several other Baptist ministers, Rogers served as a military chaplain during the American Revolution, an event that made havoc of the congregation’s finances and leadership.  While these Baptists supported the American rebellion as a fight for necessary liberties, their former pastor Morgan Edwards criticized the rebels until 1775 when he was convinced to revise his opinion.   With his excellent preaching, historical research and publications on early Baptists, and support for formal education leading to the founding and support of Brown University, Edwards embodied the strengths of Baptists.  It was under Edwards’ leadership that First Baptist built a new and larger meeting house at the same time accepting the need to lend their pastor to the larger Baptist cause and arranging for supply preaching while Edwards traveled the colonies as an evangelist, church organizer, and historian of Baptists.  Despite these successful efforts toward gaining respect and leaders for Baptists, Edwards’ connection with the Philadelphia congregation grew strained during the 1780s, largely because Edwards struggled through bouts of drinking and subsequent church meetings for discipline, only being restored to the congregation’s fellowship in late 1788.&#13;
&#13;
When in 1814 Baptists from twelve states gathered to form a national organization in support of Baptist missions, the meeting was at the First Baptist meeting house in Philadelphia, with two of the four officials chosen being laymen from that congregation and a third, William Staughton, a former pastor.  Throughout the next century, the congregation grew in numbers and influence in the city and in national and global mission programs, despite conflicts related to theology, leadership, and relationships with daughter churches, including two competing First African Baptist congregations.  Its early interest in circulating religious pamphlets, as well as Philadelphia’s wealth of printers, made it feasible for American Baptists to locate their publishing operations in the city, where they remained until 1961, when operations moved to a new building and printing plant in Valley Forge.</text>
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                  <text>In 1742, the Moravian Church began holding services in Philadelphia under the leadership of Nikolaus Ludwig von Zinzendorf. On New Year’s Day in 1743, 34 members organized as a Moravian congregation in a new church building in Old City, at the corner of Race and Bread Streets. In 1820, the original church building was enlarged and remodeled. In 1856, a second church building was dedicated by the congregation, on Franklin and Wood Streets. A third and final church building was dedicated in 1893 on Fairmount Avenue, between 16th and 17th Streets, where it remained until the congregation’s official closing in 1965. Today, Redeemer Moravian Church continues the Moravian tradition in Southwest Philadelphia. Select archival records from this massive collection (54 boxes) of First Moravian Church were scanned as part of this project and include diaries, minutes, membership lists, church registers, and drawings.</text>
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                <text>"The Continuation of ye Philadelphia Journal," documenting happenings in the First Moravian Church of Philadelphia from June 16, 1745 to December 31, 1746. Topics covered include: sermons preached; members' travel and correspondence; burials; love feasts, meetings and conferences; relations with local Native Americans; visits with members, especially those who were ailing; and the committee appointed to look into building a church school.</text>
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                  <text>Presbyterians who favored the religious revivalism of George Whitefield organized a Second Presbyterian Church in Philadelphia in 1743. Second was a “New Side” church as opposed to the “Old Side” First Presbyterian Church. For many years, the congregation worshipped in its building at Third and Arch streets, where the first General Assembly of the Presbyterian Church in the U.S.A. met in 1789. In 1837, the church moved to Seventh and Arch, and in 1872, to 21st and Walnut. In 1949, the congregation united with First Presbyterian Church.&#13;
&#13;
Records scanned for this project include minutes, pew records, deeds, and burial records.</text>
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                <text>The Session is a body of elected elders governing a Presbyterian church. In this bound volume, the Session is referred to as the Consistory until 1767.  Meeting minutes run from 1744 to 1798, and note the date, members present, and business discussed. Business includes elections to office and management of church finances, including financial assistance to the poor, with the bulk of entries concerning resolution of conflicts between church members and discipline of church members found guilty of offenses such as drinking, fighting, theft, slander and adultery.</text>
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Note: Text on pages i-iv is in German.</text>
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                <text>A journal of happenings in the "English congregation" from its establishment on January 1, 1743, running up to June 15, 1745. Topics covered include births and baptisms, sermons preached and hymns sung, "love feasts," meetings and conferences, members' travel (including extensive travel between Philadelphia and Bethlehem), missionary work with Native Americans, and correspondence with Moravians in other parts of Pennsylvania and abroad, as far as London and Germany.</text>
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                <text>Moravian Church</text>
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                <text>Love feasts</text>
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                <text>Sermons</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="315926">
                <text>Church membership</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="315927">
                <text>Hymns</text>
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                <text>Church management</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="315929">
                <text>Church records and registers</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="315930">
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                <text>Baptismal records</text>
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                  <text>In 1742, the Moravian Church began holding services in Philadelphia under the leadership of Nikolaus Ludwig von Zinzendorf. On New Year’s Day in 1743, 34 members organized as a Moravian congregation in a new church building in Old City, at the corner of Race and Bread Streets. In 1820, the original church building was enlarged and remodeled. In 1856, a second church building was dedicated by the congregation, on Franklin and Wood Streets. A third and final church building was dedicated in 1893 on Fairmount Avenue, between 16th and 17th Streets, where it remained until the congregation’s official closing in 1965. Today, Redeemer Moravian Church continues the Moravian tradition in Southwest Philadelphia. Select archival records from this massive collection (54 boxes) of First Moravian Church were scanned as part of this project and include diaries, minutes, membership lists, church registers, and drawings.</text>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Membership catalog, 1742-1783</text>
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            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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                <text>Moravian.MC_Phila_I_513</text>
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                <text>Membership catalog of the First Moravian Church of Philadelphia, with entries dating from 1742 to 1783; likely handwritten by Jacob Friis or Johann Daniel Sydrich, who were both pastors of the Philadelphia congregation.

Most of the column headings are in German, for which translations have been provided: "No." (number), "Namen" (names), "geboren" (born/date of birth), "woher" (where born), "Religion" (faith traditions), "in die Ehe getreten" (entered into marriage), "ins Land kommen" (arrival in the country), "Aufgenommen" (received as a member), "zur Communion"  (admitted to communion), "Ihre Kinder" (their children), "geboren" (born/dates of birth of children), and "getauft, von wem" (date child baptized, by whom).

Contains an incomplete index that was never used.</text>
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                <text>Registers (Lists)</text>
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            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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                <text>First Moravian Church (Philadelphia, Pa.)</text>
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                <text>Moravians</text>
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                <text>Church membership</text>
              </elementText>
              <elementText elementTextId="316176">
                <text>Registers of births, etc.</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="316177">
                <text>Baptismal records</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="316178">
                <text>Marriage records</text>
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              <elementText elementTextId="316179">
                <text>Immigrants</text>
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                <text>Church records and registers</text>
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                  <text>Gloria Dei Church, Philadelphia, PA</text>
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                  <text>In the 17th century Swedish settlers landed on the banks of the Delaware River establishing churches in Wilmington,  Tinicum and by the mid-17th century in Wicaco outside of what would become Philadelphia. That latter church, Gloria Dei, is Pennsylvania’s oldest congregation.  The existing church was built between 1698 and 1700 and originally served  a Swedish Lutheran  congregation.  The church today is part of the Episcopal Diocese and a national historic site.   Archival records scanned as part of this project include vestry minutes, registers, financial, correspondence between the original Swedish parishes and the churches in Philadelphia, Delaware and New Jersey as well as their "miscellaneous records." </text>
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            <description>A name given to the resource</description>
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                <text>Baptisms, burials, and marriages, 1750-1789, and records of pastors, 1733-1758</text>
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            <description>An unambiguous reference to the resource within a given context</description>
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            <description>A related resource that is substantially the same as the pre-existing described resource, but in another format.</description>
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                <text>Records Miscellaneous, 1750-1789</text>
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                <text>1733/1789</text>
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                <text>Record of baptisms, burials and marriages performed by Gloria Dei from 1750 to 1789. Entries are not in strict order, and page numbering starts over several times. Records look to be batched by the pastor performing the ceremony as well as by date, and indexes are found throughout, paged in lowercase roman numerals.

Baptismal records are found on images 5-67 (1750-1780) and 191-203 (1780-1788).

Burial records from are found on images 2-4 (1787-1789) and 177-190 (1750-1776).

Marriage records from are found on images 4-5 (1778); 68-158 (1750-1779); and 169-175 (1779-1780); and 204-237 (1779-1789).

Although the vast majority of records in this bound volume are baptisms, burials and marriages, images 158 to 168 include accounts of the experiences of several early pastors of Gloria Dei in the 1730s, 1740s and 1750s. These pages include notes from meetings with the congregation and vestry.

Some entries are written in Swedish.</text>
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                <text>Minutes (Records)</text>
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                <text>Manuscripts</text>
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                <text>tiff</text>
              </elementText>
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          <element elementId="47">
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            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
            <elementTextContainer>
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                <text>https://www.philageohistory.org/rdic-images/iiif.cfm/GloriaDei.RecordsMiscellaneous1636-1760/manifest</text>
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            <name>Has Version</name>
            <description>A related resource that is a version, edition, or adaptation of the described resource.</description>
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              <elementText elementTextId="317549">
                <text>thumb:001:https://www.philageohistory.org/rdic-images/common/get-jpeg-small.cfm/GloriaDei.RecordsMiscellaneous1636-1760.001.FrontCover.jpg</text>
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                <text>full:001:https://www.philageohistory.org/rdic-images/common/get-jpeg-book.cfm/GloriaDei.RecordsMiscellaneous1636-1760.001.FrontCover.jpg</text>
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            <name>Alternative Title</name>
            <description>An alternative name for the resource. The distinction between titles and alternative titles is application-specific.</description>
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                <text>Records Miscellaneous, 1636-1760</text>
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          <element elementId="40">
            <name>Date</name>
            <description>A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource</description>
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                <text>1653/1760</text>
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          <element elementId="41">
            <name>Description</name>
            <description>An account of the resource</description>
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                <text>Bound manuscript containing many accounts of Swedish settlement along the Delaware River from the early 17th century to the mid-late 18th century. These accounts come from various sources, including several ministers sent to Gloria Dei by the King or Queen of Sweden. The accounts do not appear in strict chronological order and sometimes overlap with each other, but provide a rich and detailed account of this time and place. Translations of the Swedish have been provided for the bulk of the manuscript.

Meeting minutes for the general parish and church council of Gloria Dei are interspersed with these personal accounts, as well as copies of letters to and from various kings, queens, bishops and archbishops in Europe. Topics covered include: land purchases; the building and upkeep of churches, including Gloria Dei and its cemetery; the need for new ministers and the struggle to house and pay them; the establishment of standards for religious practices in the new land; listings of Swedish families, including information on births, deaths, and marriages; and ongoing relations between the Swedes and their Indian, Dutch and English neighbors, including Quakers and the leaders of Christ Church.

The last third of the book consists of financial accounts kept by Gloria Dei. Sums recorded include Sunday collections, special fundraising efforts, and expenditures for church repair, ministers' travel, and support of the poor and sick in the congregation.

Note: The vast majority of records in this book run to 1760, but several documents at the back of the volume date from the early 1800s.</text>
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            <name>Spatial Coverage</name>
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                <text>Pennsylvania--Philadelphia</text>
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          <element elementId="63">
            <name>Extent</name>
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                <text>652 pages</text>
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          <element elementId="64">
            <name>Medium</name>
            <description>The material or physical carrier of the resource.</description>
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                <text>Minutes (Records)</text>
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                <text>Manuscripts</text>
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            <name>Format</name>
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                <text>tiff</text>
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          <element elementId="47">
            <name>Rights</name>
            <description>Information about rights held in and over the resource</description>
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                <text>http://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/mark/1.0/</text>
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          <element elementId="44">
            <name>Language</name>
            <description>A language of the resource</description>
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                <text>eng</text>
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                <text>swe</text>
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                <text>Text</text>
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            <name>Is Part Of</name>
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                <text>Gloria Dei Church, Philadelphia, PA</text>
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            <name>Rights Holder</name>
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                <text>Gloria Dei Church, Philadelphia, PA</text>
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                <text>Gloria Dei Church (Philadelphia, Pa.)</text>
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            <description>The topic of the resource</description>
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                <text>Gloria Dei Church (Philadelphia, Pa.)</text>
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                <text>Church records and registers</text>
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                <text>Lutherans</text>
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                <text>Burial records</text>
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                <text>Sweden</text>
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                <text>Rudman, Andrew, 1668-1708</text>
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                <text>Pews and pew rights</text>
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                <text>Church finance</text>
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                <text>Registers of births, etc.</text>
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                <text>Church fund raising</text>
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